The role of the adenylate cyclase signaling pathway in the adaptation of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) hemocytes to hypoosmotic stress
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Abstract
Osmotic homeostasis is one of the fundamental bases for the survival of hydrobionts living in coastal ecosystems of the world ocean. In bivalves, stress induced by fluctuations in water salinity can induce the secretion of neurotransmitters, including catecholamines. Hemocytes circulating in the hemolymph of bivalves have adrenoreceptors on the cell membrane surface, but the basic knowledge of the effects of catecholamines on hemolymph cell functions as well as their osmoregulatory mechanisms is poorly understood. In the present study, the effects of epinephrine and the soluble adenylate cyclase activator forskolin on the osmotic resistance of hemocytes from the commercial bivalve mollusc Mytilus galloprovincialis were investigated. The effect of these substances on the ability of bivalve hemolymph cells to undergo a regulatory volume reduction in response to hypoosmotic stress was also studied. It was shown in vitro that stimulation of mussel hemocytes with epinephrine (25 μM) and forskolin (20 μM) had no effect on this parameter of osmotic resistance of Mediterranean mussel hemocytes. It was found that forskolin stimulation did not affect the rate and intensity of the regulatory decrease in hemocyte volume in response to hypoosmotic swelling, whereas incubation with epinephrine inhibited the ability of mussel hemolymph cells to restore volume under hypoosmotic conditions. The results of the present work indicate that the adenylate cyclase signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of mussel hemocyte volume restoration in response to hypoosmotic stress.
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References
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